Archive

According to the evaluation of literary sources and the results of own chemical and microbiological researches authors considered some aspects of geoecological state and usage perspectives of spring underground waters in terms of the city of Tomsk.

In connection with essential priority modifications in waste water treatment and development trend of taking out biogenic substance technology (nitrogen and phosphorus, causing water enrichment), basic schemes of biological treatment with nitrogen and phosphorus removal were analyzed in the article; their advantages and disadvantages were revealed and also the universal technology model, which permits to manage over latent reserves. A scheme selection depends on demands to purified water quality mainly.

Aspects of perfecting and energy saving are considered in the article, which are used at biological waste water treatment by the use of constructions with attached microflora and combined anaerobic-aerobic treatment. The results of experiment research in biological strong liquor treatment are given in the article; these results show advantages the technology with attached microflora over the traditional technology with free-flowing activated sludge. The constructions of an anaerobic bioreactor with drowned bed and a package treatment plant for anaerobic-aerobic biological waste water treatment are offered as well.

The analysis of treatment facilities work, which are used in waste water treatment systems of oil refineries, is presented in the given article. The article narrates that treatment facilities, operating in oil refineries at the present time, are imperfect and should be replaced by more compact, air fast and with dependable removal of segregated oil and sludge. The authors offer to replace mechanical and physicochemical treatment system, which includes open hydrocyclone retrofit, airproof oil separator - oil eliminator and combined floater. The practical recommendations on calculations and exploitation of recommended scheme are also given.

The following aspects were under the consideration: kinds, compound and properties of coagulation-flocculation compositional reagents mechanism and effectiveness of their application for natural and waste water treatment. Compositional reagent effectiveness is determined by additive or synergistic effect of individual composition ingredients or their chemical interaction products. The application of composition reagents, which have higher effectiveness than initial components, permit to simplify the technology of reagent application, extend the area of their effective use, solve the problem of deactivation of strong liquor.

The article presents the analysis of energy consumption compound in municipal waste water treatment facilities. Energy consumption compound depends on technological systems, used in the purification and especially in sludge utilization. It is given by the examples of Nizhny Novgorod aeration plant and the experience of European Community countries, South-East Asia, Japan, Sweden and others. The article tells about potential energy possibilities, whose realization allows to supply treatment facilities with energy and to direct its superfluity to housing and industrial premises, which are close to treatment facilities.

The research, supplemental and developmental the study about biosphere, is lasting in recent years. The foundation of this study was made by V.I. Vernadskij. V.I. Vernadskij placed high emphasis on hydrosphere research questions and accentuated the meaning of relations between water properties and organism life activity repeatedly. V.I. Vernadskij stressed the role of organisms in water property formation and biogeochemical processes, which are proceeding in aqueous media. Many Russian and foreign scientists studied processes of biogeochemical flow formation. The brief review of some researches on the following questions is given in the article: elaboration of conceptions about biosphere system as an important factor of geochemical sphere, including hydrosphere; connection between ecology and chemistry of natural products; the role of chemical substances as mediators in organism relations and signal transfer; the role of human intervention, which causes the decrease of biospheric and hydrospheric functions of living matter; biosphere as ecologo-biochemical continuum; additional exposure of living matter's active modify role by the example of aquatic organisms-filtrates; typology of biogeochemical matter moving; development of innovation education programs and educational materials.